Vapor extractor



.Fume 3 v E924a G, `A. BRONDER VAPOR EXTRACTOR Filed June ll, 1921 2Sheets-Sheet 1 -www w fw Jam@ 3v 392% G. A. BRONDER VAPOR EXTRACTQRFiled June ll. 192] 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

S14/newton 'dlT/i/{ZfaWc/Qb .Patented .lume L3, 1924.

g Unirse STATES eas'roN A.. BnoNn'ER, or xmoloxLYN,` NEW Yoan, AssIGNoaor ONE-HALF 'To 'I LHoiumsA cos'rIeAN, or NEW Yoan, N. Y.; LUCIA n.

GASTON A. BRONDER, DEGEASED.

PATENT oFFlcE.

varon. ExTRAcToR.

Application nica :une '11,- rsa1. serial No. 476,800.

To all whom it may concern.' i

Be it known that I, GASTON A. BRONDER, citizen of the United States, andresident of the borough of Brooklyn, city of New YorkL in the county ofKings and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements'in a Vapor Extractor, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a vapor extractor and is an improvement of theextractor .shown and described in my United States Letters Patent No.1,361,005 for the vapor extractor bearing date December 7th, 1920. Itsobject is the production of a vapor extractor by means of which thevolatile s ubstances of shale, fuel coal, lignite and the like isextracted. i The organization of the invention comprises essentially agenerating chamber and ga preheating hopper with their ap urtenances.The generating chamber is fe from the preheating hopper. The heat of gasor liquid fuel is used to heat the charge 1n the generating chamber andthe products -of combustion of said gas or liquid fuel is used in thepreheating hopper. l

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of anexemplification of the extractor las on line 1, 1, of Fig. 2 withportions thereof in full lines; Fig. 2 shows a right hand `side view ofFig. 1; Fig. 2 shows a section of Fig. 2 on the line 2a, 2B; Fig. 3indicates a section of Fig.` 1 on the line 3, 3; Fig. 4 represents asection of Fig. 1 on the line 4, 4; Fig. -5 ,shows a section of Fig. 1on the line 5, 5; Fig. 6 indicates a section of ig. 1- on the line 6. 6;Fig. 7 is a Sectio the line 7, 7; Fig. 8 shows enlarged vertical sectionof some detai s; Fig. 9 is an enlarged section of Fig. 8 on the line 9.9; Fig. 10 shows an enlarged section of Fig. 5 on the line 10, 10 andFig. 11 indicates a section of Fig. 3 on the line 11, 11.

The extractor comprises a generating chamber with the cylindrical shell16', havlng the top or roof 17 with the openings 18 and 19 and thebottom 23 with the openmg 24. A hopper bottom shaped outlet is fastenedto the lower face of the bottom 23 and registerswith the opening 24.Lugs and 31 extend from the wall of the outletv25.V In the lug 30 islocated a pin 32, and a supporting bar 33 has one end dpivoted on thepin 32, while at 'the other en of the bar is formed a slot 34. A swingbolt with a nut has one end pivoted to the lug 31 while its other endextends through the slot 34. An adjusting screw 36 is in threadedengagement withl an o enin :in the bar BRONDER ADMINISTBATBIX OF SAID33. An `operating whee 37 1s fastened to one end of the screw, lWhile adisc shaped head 38 is formed with the other end of the screw 36. Aswinging lower door 42 has formed therewith the hinge sleeve 43 which ispivoted on the pin 32. A cavity is formed in the door 42 for the head 38and a plate v44 is fastened tothe lower face of the door to maintain thehead 38 in operative position.

A tower for the vapor extractor comprises the four columns 54, with thebottom cross beams 55, 56, upon which are supported the longitudinalbottom beams 57 and 58. Top cross beams 59 are fastened adjacent to theupper ends of the columns 54 and longitudinal beams 60 extend betweenthe upper portions of said columns. Longitudinal beams Glare supportedon the top cross beams 59. Ties 62 are supported on the beams 61 for thetracks 63.

A charging mouthpiece and vapor outlet opening is fastened to the roof17 over the opening 18 thereof.. The mouth piece comprises thecylindrical portion 66 that has extending therefrom the outlet nozzle67. A lug 68 similar to the lug` 30 and a' lug 69 similar to the lug `31are formed with said portion 66. An upper door 70 similar to the door 42is provided for the said portion 66 and a bar 71 with the operatingwheel 72, similar respectively to 33 and 37 are provided for the door70. Vapor outlet piping 76 extends from the roof 17 over the opening 19in said roof 17. An opening 78 is formed in the wall 16. A door casting79 with the door 80 is fastened to the shell 16 over said opening 78. Anopening!` 83 is formed at the lower portion of the shell 16. `A U shapedshell 84 has its ends fastened throughout the whole length to the shell16 forming thereby a heating chamber 85. The lower end of the shell 811is supported on the ioottom 23 and is fastened thereto means of theangle iron 86. rEhe shell Se ein tends up to the root and at its upperVend has formed therein an opening; 3'?. in inlet conduit 88 is fastenedto the upper end of shaped shell 3e over the opening` 37. A fan casing39 with the wheel is fastened to the inlet end ot the con- 38. 1.journal bearing 91 extends from the bottom wall the casing 39. `bracket911 entends from the lower wr I or the tan casing 33 has jiournaiedtherein one end of the armature shaft of an electric motor 96. Thearmature shaft is also journaled in the hearing' 31.

fr connecting' suction conduit 97 entends from a central opening` olithe *ian casing 39 to the outlet nozzle 6?.

ln the conduit 97 is journaled indieating propeller 106. said propelleris fastened to a shaft 101`l which latter is journaled in the sleeve102. The sleeve 102 has formed therewith a delige 103 that hears uponand is `lastened to the root' oi the suction conduit 97. A smallindicator disc e is fastened to the shaft 101.

ln the heating chamber are located cluster or a plurality of heatingtuloes indicated each inl their entirety by the letter l1 and in Fig. 1are shown diagrammatic'ally. Each of the heating tubes comprises anupper slidable nipple threaded onlyv at its lower end. A cast iron pipe111 with the radiating ribs 112 is interiorly threaded at its upper end,fior the lower end ot' the nipple 110, to which latter it is connected.'lhe pipe 111 is also interiorly threaded at its lower end for the shortconnecting nipple 113.. to which latter it is connected. A second casti'ron pipe 116. similar to 111, is in threaded engagement at its upperend with said nipple 113. nipple 117 is in threaded engagement with thelower end of the pipe 116 at one end and with the bottom 23 of the shell16 at the other end.

The upper nipple 110 slidahly extends through the root 17. .el stuthngbox 120 is fastened to said root 17 afiiallyv in line with said nipple110 and is provided with the screw gland 121 tor the packing 122.

spiral gruide strip 123 is located in each tube it.. and is held. inplace by means ot' a hoolr 12AL which has one end extensingr into anopening' in the top end ot the nipple 11G and its other end is lientover the top edge ot said nipple. pluraiit)Y ot tras pipes 125 haveextending` 'therefrom the outlet tips lilach or" the latter is located a.ily under one o1 the l 'tuhes i i is te he understood l il. modifcreasing the number of cast iron pipes with their connections.

1 pair of longitudinali beams lfltlliave their opposite ends fastened tothe inner face of the shell 16. 1 pair of similar rolling gratos areindicated in their entireties hv the letters B and C. Each of saidrratescomprises the grate bars 132. which one end lire supported upon andfastened io the cross beain 133. t the end or" each ot the beams 133 arefastened journal pir i 134. and on the iatter are journaled roller: Therollers 135 are in rollingr Contact with the iianges of the beams 130.IWllie outer end ot each grate has connected thereto the front crossh'earn 136. -Eyelets 137 extend Afrom each of the beams 136. valrecasing is indicated in its entirety hy the letter D and comprises theouter cylindrical. faire seat 140, the flange 141 and the connectingportion 1112. .fr port 143 is formed in the casing D and extendsthroughout its whole length and inside wir th. 11 cylindrical valve 145with a central port 1116 is seated in the ralve seat 1410. formed at itsends the shanlrs la7 with the operating openings 1&8. The outer ends ofeach grate B and C extends through opening 1419 in the shell 16.

A pair of brackets are connected to the columns 51, and each support anlijp draulic cylinder 156, with the piston rod 157 and the piston 153. Afour-way valve coeh is shown with the casing 160 having the inlet andoutlet ports 161` 162, the inlet port 163 and the waste portI 1641.Piping 165 and 166 respectively connect the ports 162 and 161 with theends of the cylinder 156. ."n inlet pipe 167 is connected to the inletport 163 in the usual way. .f1 plug valve 163 with the usual ports 169and 170 is seated in the casing 160. A n extension 171 is formed withplug valve 168 and has extending therefrom the operatingT handle 172.

pair of chains 173 extend from each pis ton rod 157. lnclinedstationar)7 grates 174 are supported at their lower ends upon the beams130 and their upper ends bear against the wall of the shell 16.

A triangular and tapered releasing bar 175 is located in the shell 16and has formed at its upper end a cylindrical projection 176. A sleeve177 is supported and fastened to the rood 17 to guide the saidcylindrical portion 176. The lower end ot the bar 175 is normallysupported upon one of the ,strates in the shell 16.

waste gas outlet nozzle 160 is fastened to the root 17 over the wholecluster ot tubes A and has inv turn supported thereon the guide sleeve161. A 1fan casing formed therewith at its lower end the suction inletsleeve 183 and at its upper 'i is the journal be; i

The Valve 1115 has Leganes guide sleeve 181. A fan wheel 181 is locatedin the casing 182. A bracket 185 is supported on the cover of the fancasing 182 and has jaournaled therein the upper end of the armatureshaft 186 of the electric motor 187. rlhe lower end of the shaft 186 isjournaled in the bearing 183, rllhe said armature shaft extends throughthe roof of the casing 182 and has `fastened thereto the fan wheel 184.A nozzle 188 has one end fastened to the' casing 182. A hopper shapedfunnel 189 is fastened to the strap 190 the ends of which latter arefastened to the fan casing 182 and to'the nozzle 188.

formed therewith the nozzle 193 which is detachably fastened to thenozzle 188.

Angle irons 195 are fastened to the beams and in turn are fastened tothe Wall of the hopper 192. ln the lower end of the hopper 192 islocated a grate 198, which has extending therefrom a rack bar 199. Fromthe nozzle 193 of the hopper 192 vextend a pairof arms 200, which attheir outer ends are connected by'a cross brace 201. The latter hasformed therein a guide opening 202. Journal bearings 203 extend up fromthe cross brace 201 and have journaled therein the shaft201. A pinion205 is fastened to the shaft 20a and meshes with the rack bar 199. Anoperating wheel 206 is fastened to one end of the shaft-204. A bricklining 210 encircles the shells 16 and 84.4

To operate the vapor extractor, shale, cannel coal or similar materialsare deposited into the funnel shaped preheating hopper h192, the grate198-of which has been previously moved to its closed position. At thistime the nozzle 188 has been located to one side of the outlet nozzle193, and thereby any small particles of shale or other material that mayhave'pas'sed between the bars of the grate 198 are separated from thecharge in `the hopper 192 and disposed of. Next the upper door of thegenerating chamber 15 is fully opened. The operator now swings thefunnel 189 in line with and under the outlet nozzle 193 and also in linewith and over the opening 18 in the roof 17 of the gen- `are turned toclose the ports 1113 in the valve casings D.

rl`he door 42 is next tightly closed.` rl`he tunnel 189 is now swungfrom and out of line with the outlet nozzle 193, to locate the nozzle188 in line with said nozzle 193. The

A funnel shaped preheating hopper 192 hasy nozzle 188 is now fastened tothe nozzle 193.

lThe upper door 70 isnext closed and the grate 198 is moved to itsclosed posit-ion and another charge of material is placed in thepreheating hopper 192. Both the fan wheels 90 and 184 are started, bymeans of their respective motors and a circulation of cold air "is firstestablished through the charge in the generating chamber 15 and in thehopper 192. Cold air is drawn by means of the fan wheel 90 from thegenerating chamber 15 through the cylindrical portion 66 of the mouthpiece. the outlet nozzle 67 thence to the fan casing 89, and from thelatter it is forced through the inlet conduit 88 and then into theheating chamber 85.

- The air next -fiows downwardly between the heating tubes A, throughthe opening 83 into the shell 16 at the` lower end of the generatingchamber 15.\ rlhe air next flows through the openings in -the grates B,C and 1.74, and thence through the charge in the generating chamber.

The gas of the burners is next turned on and the gas mixture owing fromthe Bun- `sen gas outlet tips 126 is lit. The tan wheel 90 continues todraw the air, which is now being heated, from the generating chamber 15and forces it into the inlet conduit 88 and from thence into the heatingchamber 85 on the outside of the heating tubes and by virtue of whichthe air is heated each time that it flows through the chamber 85. Theheated air flows from the chamber. 85, through the opening 83 into thegenerating chamber 15 under the grates B, C and 174. The heated air inowing upwardly through the charge in the chamber 15 imparts its heatthereto. By this means vapor` and gases are generated from the 'chargein the chamber 15 and displaces the air which has previously been usedfor circulation and transmission ofi'heat in the charge of .material.This cycle of operations with the heated air and the gases and vaporsgenerated continues until thepr'essure of said vapors and gases riseabove atmospheric pressure, when they escape through the vapor outletpiping 76. rlihe escaping vapors may be led to a condenser to liquifvthem whereby the uncondensible gases are separated and led into aholder'and provide fuel i for the burners of the apparatus. The chargein the chamber 15 is heated until no more vapors and gases emanatetherefrom. During the operation of the burners the products ofcombustion thereof rise, twirl in the heating tubes A and are drawn intothe waste gas outlet nozzle 1,80. by virtue of the suction effect of thefan wheel 184i.. and are forced through the nozzle 188, then between thebars of the grate 198 and through the charge of material in thepreheating hopper 192. During the continuation of the runs of theextractor the charge, that is when discharged from the latter.

located in the generating chamber 15, has

previously been preheated in the hopper 192, thereby utilizing theproducts of combustion of the burners of the extractor.

To empty the generating chamber 15 the gas supply is first cut 'ofi' andboth the fan wheels 90 and 184 are stopped. rl`hen the lower door 42 isswung open, and the grates B and@ are opened by means of the hydrauliccylinders 156, and the connecting chains 173 which latter are connectedto the eyelets 137, the cylindrical valvev 145 having been turned tolocate the port 146 in register with the port 143. The releasing bar 175is next forced down and its lower end drops to the bottom 23 of thegenerating chamber 15, releasing said bar from the charge therein. Thecharge within generating chamber 15 being hot and expanded will bereleased and drop from said generating chamber 15 by'virtue of the gapleft therein when displacing the bar 17 5. Next the lower door 42 isswung toits closed position and fastened in place. The triangularreleasing bar 175 is now held in place in its upper position and thegrates B and C are moved to their closed position by the hydrauliccylinder 156 and the bar 17 5 is supported on the grate C. The upperdoor 70 is next fully opened and the nozzle 188 is detached from theoutlet nozzle 193 and swung aside to bring the funnel 189 under theoutlet nozzle 193. Next the upper grate 198 is opened and the reheatedcharge in the hopper 192 drops into the generating chamber 15. rl'heupper grate 198 is moved to its closed position,'and the upper door 70is closed and tightenedin place. A new charge of material is now dumpedinto the hopper 192, and after the small particles of 'the charge dropthrough the grate 198 and the funnel 189, the nozzle 188 is fastened tothe nozzle 193, and the operations are continued. The fan wheels arepreferably stopped when the charge from the hopper 192 is dumped intothe chamber 15 and also The circulation through the connectingsuctionconduit 97 and its rapidity is indicated by means of thesmall'indicating disc 104 of the shaft 101 that carries the indicatingpropeller 100.

Having described my invention what Ede sire to secure by 'Letters Patentand claim 1s:-

1. 1n a vapor extractor the combination of a generating chamber foramaterial to be operated upon, a preheating hopper to feed said materialto said chamber, heating means to circulate heated air through thematerial in. said chamber, the heat of the air being imparted to thematerial in the chamber and generating therefrom gases 'and vapor thatcirculate with the circulating air and means to conduct the products ofcombustion from neeaeee said heating means to and through the materialin said preheatin hopper to preheat the charge of material t erein.

2. ln 'a vapor extractor the combination of a generating chamber for amaterial to be operated upon, a preheating hopper to preheat saidmaterial before entering the generatin'g chamber, a heating chamberadjacent to the generating chamber, heating tubes extending through theheating chamber, burners for the heating 'tubes to transmit heated airthrough the tubes, means' to twirl the air when iowing through thetubes, means to lead said heated air with the products of combustionfrom the burners through the charge of material in said hopper, thegenerating chamber and heating chamber connecting one with the other atone end thereof and means at the other end of the heating chamber tocirculate the heated air therein on the outside of the tubes with thegases and vapors generating in the generating chamber in a closed cyclethrough the material in the generating chamber and through the heatingchamber on the outside of its heating tubes.y

3. ln a vapor extractor the combination of a shell with an opening atits lower end ,and forming a generating chamber, a roof with openingsand .fa bottom with an opening for said shell, a second shell fastenedto the outer face of the first shell constituting a heating chamber andits interior in connection with the interior of the generating chamberby means of said lower opening in the latter, means to circulate andheat air in said heating chamber and force it therefrom through thegenerating chamber and then again through the heating chamber, means tocharge a material into the generating chamber, means to discharge saidmaterial -from the generating chamber and means to discharge gases andvapors from the generatingichamber when above atmospheric pressure.

4. In a vapor extractor the combination of a shell with an opening atits lower end and forming a generatingchamber. 'a roof with openings anda bottom with an openingfor said shell, a second shell fastened to theouter face of the first shell constituting a heating chamber and itsinterior in connection with the interior of the generating chamber bykmeans of said lower opening in the latter, tubes extending through theheating chamber, a. mouth-piece with one end thereof connected to theroof of the generating chamber, in register with one of the openingstherein, connecting means between said mouth-piece and the upper portionof. the heating chamber, a rotating fan-wheel in said means, means tocirculate heated air through the tubes in the heating chamber, adetachable door for the mouth-piece, adjustable grates in the generatingchamber,

llfl

aeeaeee its roof and bottom constituting a heatingy chamber and itsinterior in connection with the interior of the generating chamber bymeans of said lower opening in the latter, tubes extending through theheating chamber, a mouth-piece with one end thereof connected to theroof of the generating chamber in register with one of the openingstherein, a connecting suction conduit with one end connected to a nozzleextend-A ing from the mouth-piece, a fan casing with a fan-wheelconnected to the other end of said suction conduit, an inlet conduitconnecting the fan casing with the upper end of the heating chamber,means to circulateheating air through the tubes in the heating chamber,a detachable door for the roof of said mouth-piece, movablegrates in the`enerating chamber, an outlet` connecte to the bottom of the generatingchamber in register with the opening therein, and vapor outlet pipingextending from the roof of the generating chamber and in register withthe other opening therein. p

6. ln a vaporl extractor the combination of a shell forming a generatingchamber for a material to be operated upon, a charging mouth-piece forthe chamber, a pair of ,valve casings each having a port therethroughattached to opposite sides of the shell in register with openingstherein, a rotative valve having a port seated in `each valve casing,means to rotate each valve to locate its port in register with the portof the valve casing, a pair of movable grates in the generating chamberadapted to exvalve casing tend through the ports of the valve and and anoutlet for the generating chamber.

In a vapor extractor the combination of a generatin chamber, means to`charge the chamber with a material to be operated upon, a pair of valvecasings each having a port therethrough attached to the wall of thechamber in register with openings therein, a valve with a port for eachvalve casing, means to locate each valve with its port in register withthe ort of its valve casing, a pair of movabe grates in the chamber eachadapted to extend through the port of one ot the valves and the port ofits casing and a iluid moved piston and iston rod for each grate adaptedto move it through the ports of its adjacent valve casin and valve.

8. n a vapor extractor the combination v of a generating chamber, agrate in the chamber and a tapering releasing bar in the chamber withthe large end thereof normally supported on the grate and its other .endextending through the roof of the chamber.

9. ln a vapor extractor the combination of a nerating chamber, a heatingchamber for t 1e generating chamber, tubes extendin through the heatingchamber, burners wit their products of combustion rising up through.thesaid tubes, a preheating ho per and means to draw into the latter t eproducts of combustion of said burners.

10. in a vapor extractor the combination of a generating chamber, aheating chamber adjacent to the generating chamber, a plurality ofheating tubes extendin through the heating chamber, burners wit theirgas tips under each tube,a preheating hopper over the generatingchamber, detachable connections between preheating hopper and theheating chamber and a rotating fan Wheel in said connections.

Si ned at the borough of Manhattan, cit of Nw York, in the county of NewYer and State of New York, this 3rd day of June, A. Daim GASTON AQBRNDER,

